英語(yǔ)考級(jí)四級(jí)翻譯專(zhuān)題指導(dǎo)
四級(jí)翻譯（10.19）
無(wú)論如何，創(chuàng)造財(cái)富的物質(zhì)資源，不論其初始分配如何，最終是要通過(guò)各種各樣的渠道，流入到具有企業(yè)家精神的人手里，這是自由市場(chǎng)的一個(gè)基本趨勢(shì)。這些人獲得對(duì)他人的財(cái)富的支配權(quán)、使用權(quán)，以之為自己創(chuàng)造財(cái)富，并積累財(cái)富。這正是自由市場(chǎng)具有效率的根源。它可以動(dòng)態(tài)地、自發(fā)地把資源從資源利用效率較低的人手里轉(zhuǎn)移到資源利用效率較高的人手里。中國(guó)人講“富不過(guò)三代”，其中有一些無(wú)奈，但也揭示了自由市場(chǎng)的精髓所在：財(cái)富本身并不能充當(dāng)財(cái)富的保障。因?yàn)�，�?cái)富本來(lái)就不是財(cái)富創(chuàng)造出來(lái)的。
答案與解析:
However,no matter how they are allocated in the firset place,the material resources which can create fortune will flow into entrepreneurs'hands eventually through various channels.It is the basic tendency of free market.Those people acquire the right of disposal and the right of use of other people's wealth to create and accumulate wealth for them.This is the very source of efficiency of free market.It can dynamically and spontaneously transfers the resources from the people who are inefficient in resourses use to the people who are efficient in resources use.There is a Chinese saying that “the rich can not last three generations”.It has no alternative but also reveals some pith and marrow of the free market:the fortune itself can not be be guraantee of the fortune,because the fortune is not created by fortune.
這里“富不過(guò)三代”的`俗語(yǔ)可以翻出它的意思即可，后面的“無(wú)奈…但…”可以用“have no alternative but also”這種結(jié)構(gòu)。
英語(yǔ)
四級(jí)翻譯（10.21）
中國(guó)公司想創(chuàng)造世界品牌，外國(guó)公司想增加在中國(guó)的銷(xiāo)量，這些都正改變著中國(guó)的設(shè)計(jì)產(chǎn)業(yè)。中國(guó)制造商意識(shí)到，若他們想在本國(guó)市場(chǎng)脫穎而出，在外國(guó)市場(chǎng)嶄露頭角，就必須設(shè)計(jì)更好的產(chǎn)品。索尼這樣的外國(guó)公司也開(kāi)始明白，從前海外公司常把隨便什么地方設(shè)計(jì)的產(chǎn)品拿到中國(guó)來(lái)賣(mài)，而現(xiàn)在，中國(guó)消費(fèi)者變得更加挑剔，他們不再那樣容易滿足了。
答案與解析:
Chinese companies want to create world brands and the foreign companies want to increase the selling in China which all change the Chinese design industry.The Chinese manufacturers realize that they have to design better products if they want to stand out in the domestic markets as well as distinguish themselves in the foreign markets.Previously,the overseas caompanies always took the products which were designed in somewhere to Chinese market,but now the foreign companies such as Sony begins to realize that the Chinese consumers become more and more fastidious and no longer easy to be satisfied.
這里的“脫穎而出”和“嶄露頭角意思相近”，我們盡量選擇不同的譯法，兩個(gè)詞語(yǔ)可以分別譯為“stand out”和“distinguish themselves”。
英語(yǔ)
四級(jí)翻譯（10.20）
1936年竺可楨授命出任浙江大學(xué)校長(zhǎng)。在此之前，他已經(jīng)是一位聲名卓著的自然科學(xué)家了。從1936年到1949年，竺可楨當(dāng)了十三年大學(xué)校長(zhǎng)。在連綿不斷的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、學(xué)運(yùn)的夾縫中，在極為惡劣的環(huán)境下，他跋涉五千里、五易校址、歷經(jīng)五省、顛沛流離，居然將這所他接手時(shí)只有三個(gè)學(xué)院、十六個(gè)系的大學(xué)辦成了擁有七個(gè)學(xué)院、二十七個(gè)學(xué)系全國(guó)最完整的兩所大學(xué)之一。
答案與解析:
In 1936,Zhu Kezhen was appointed as the principal of Zhejiang University.Even before then,he had been a famous natural scientist.From 1936 to 1949,Zhu Kezhen worked as the university principal for 13 years.In the extremely hostile environment filled with converging attacks by continuous wars and various university affairs,being homeless and miserable,he trudged 5,000 li and drifted from place to place through 5 provinces,with the university location being changed 5 times.He actually developed the university into one of the nation's two most integrated universities composed of 7 schools and 27 departments,compared with only 3 schools and 16 departments when he took it over.
顛沛流離:drifted from place to place,這個(gè)詞還有另外一層意思就是“無(wú)家可歸，生活痛苦”，為了意思表達(dá)的全面，將“homeless and miserable”以分詞形式作伴隨狀語(yǔ)譯出，可以表達(dá)這是一種持續(xù)的狀態(tài)。
英語(yǔ)
四級(jí)翻譯（10.16）
徐霞客一生周游考察了十六個(gè)省，足跡幾乎遍及全國(guó)。他在考察的過(guò)程中，從來(lái)不盲目迷信書(shū)本上的結(jié)論。他發(fā)現(xiàn)前人研究的地理的記載有許多不是很可靠的地方。為了進(jìn)行真實(shí)細(xì)致的考察，他很少乘車(chē)坐船，幾乎全靠雙腳。
答案與解析:
During his life time,Xu Xiake had visited sixteen provinces,leaving his footprints in nearly every corner of our country.He neither used books as the single guide for his travel,nor did he accept conclusions given by books without thinking.As a result,he finally discovered considerable inaccuracies occurring in the geographical notes written by predecessors.In order to get a detailed and truthful picture of the places he visited,he rarely travelled by cart or boat,but almost all on foot.
徐霞客一生周游考察了十六個(gè)省，足跡幾乎遍及全國(guó)。
遍及:in nearly every corner of…
他發(fā)現(xiàn)前人研究的地理的記載有許多不是很可靠的地方。
“不是很可靠的地方”也就是“不準(zhǔn)確的地方”，故用inaccuracies。
英語(yǔ)編譯：再興
四級(jí)翻譯（10.15）
林小楓本科畢業(yè)，她丈夫宋建平碩士畢業(yè)。就是說(shuō)，都具有著成為知本家的基本要素。但不知為什么，他們的進(jìn)步水準(zhǔn)，永遠(yuǎn)比時(shí)下的高水準(zhǔn)要慢著兩拍。就那么兩拍，不會(huì)更多，但似乎永遠(yuǎn)也難以趕上。那狀況很像網(wǎng)上所調(diào)侃的：到他們可以吃豬肉的時(shí)候，人家開(kāi)始吃生猛海鮮；到他們可以吃生猛海鮮的時(shí)候，人家開(kāi)始吃糠咽菜。要是他們壓根兒就沒(méi)有可能成為那優(yōu)秀一群中的一員，倒也罷了，像街邊的清潔工、像鄉(xiāng)下的老農(nóng)民，他們肯定會(huì)安之若素心如止水；但當(dāng)他們"有"而"不能"時(shí)，就不能不感到痛苦。
答案與解析:
Lin Xiaofeng graduated form college and her husband Song Jianping graduated with a Master's degree.That is to say,they both have fundamental elements of becoming intellectuals.But we don't know why their progress level would always fall behind the present high level by several steps.It is just several steps,no more,but it seems that they never would catch up.That situation is very much alike something rudiculed online:when they can have the pork meat,everybody starts to eat the sea food;when they can enjoy the sea food,everybody starts to have the simple vegetables.It was ok thay they have no chance to be parts of that excellent group,just like the cleaning people on the street,the old farmers in the countryside,who would definitely bear it with equanimity;but when they have the ability while they can't,they can not stop feeling pains.
“安之若素”與“心如止水”的意思相同，可以只譯一個(gè)，譯為bear with equanimity。
英語(yǔ)
四級(jí)翻譯（10.14）
其實(shí)我一點(diǎn)兒不排斥電腦，也享受著它的種種方便快捷，但每當(dāng)我要給最親近的人寫(xiě)信時(shí)還是喜歡用筆，因?yàn)槲覉?jiān)信字是有生命的，有情感的，在書(shū)寫(xiě)的同時(shí)，我生命的一部分也隨之帶走了，而打字則像是請(qǐng)人代筆，隔著一層什么，就像打電話時(shí)盡管你能清楚地聽(tīng)到對(duì)方的呼吸，可有些話就是怎么也說(shuō)不出來(lái)，最后還是得借助筆紙，就是這么神奇，形式的不同、工具的不同，影響到內(nèi)容的不同。
答案與解析:
Actually I do not reject the computer at all and also enjoy its every kind of convenience.But every time when I want to write to my closet people,I would like to use a pen.Because I firmly believe that characters have their life and emotion.When writing,one part of my life is taking away with it.But typing is like hiring people to write for you.It is separated by something just like although you can clearly hear the breath of the addressee,some words you just can't say them out at all.At last you have to write with the help of pen and paper.It is so magic that different formats and different tools will influence the difference of context.
“一點(diǎn)也不”翻譯成“not at all”。
英語(yǔ)
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