2018年考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解中長(zhǎng)難句的分析
Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.
詞匯突破：stimuli 刺激物（單數(shù)形式：stimulus）；develop培養(yǎng)；capacity for appropriate response 恰當(dāng)反應(yīng)的能力；intellectual development 智力的發(fā)展；智力水平的提高
主干識(shí)別：behaviorists suggest that…
其他成分：the child will experience greater intellectual development 為賓語(yǔ)從句，兒童的智力就會(huì)發(fā)展到較高的水平；who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli 為定語(yǔ)從句，如果孩子是在一個(gè)有很多刺激因素的環(huán)境下長(zhǎng)大的；which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses 為定語(yǔ)從句，這些因素又有利于其恰當(dāng)反應(yīng)能力的發(fā)展。 依然是注意調(diào)整一下各個(gè)分句的'語(yǔ)序。先獨(dú)立成句，再按照中文語(yǔ)序調(diào)整一下。
翻譯：行為主義者認(rèn)為，如果孩子是在一個(gè)有很多刺激因素的環(huán)境下長(zhǎng)大的，而且這些因素又有利于其恰當(dāng)?shù)姆磻?yīng)能力的發(fā)展，那么孩子的智力將會(huì)發(fā)展到更高的水平。
The notion is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past.
主干識(shí)別：the notion is that +表語(yǔ)從句
其他成分：people have failed to detect the massive changes 為表語(yǔ)從句（對(duì)主語(yǔ)的闡釋）；which have happened in the ocean 為定語(yǔ)從句修飾changes; because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past為原因狀語(yǔ)從句。
微觀解析：句子的主干是the notion is that +表語(yǔ)從句，而定語(yǔ)從句則是修飾表語(yǔ)從句中的一個(gè)詞，因此在翻譯時(shí)需要注意主次關(guān)系。對(duì)于fail這一類帶有否定意味的詞可直接當(dāng)作not來(lái)理解，relatively修飾short。
翻譯：意思就是說(shuō)人們沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)海里發(fā)生的巨大變化，因?yàn)樗麄冎换仡櫫诉^(guò)去相對(duì)較短的一段時(shí)間。
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